Breast Reconstruction

Breast cancer is the most common cancer in women: it affects about one in eight women, and the 10-year survival rate is 75%. However, it should be noted that cancer affecting younger women is more aggressive and has a higher risk of recurrence, which decreases the survival chances of these patients.

Breast carcinoma is influenced by female hormones and occurs more frequently in women who experienced early puberty (before the age of 12), late menopause (after the age of 55), or women who have not had children.

Genetics also play a role, which explains the increased risk when another woman in the family is affected, not to mention BRCA1 and BRCA2 genetic mutations that significantly increase the risk of developing breast cancer as well as ovarian cancer (beyond the age of 36). Smoking, lack of physical exercise (at least 30 minutes a day), and obesity are also risk factors. It should be noted that breast cancer can also affect men.

The development of screening in industrialized countries has made it possible to diagnose these cancers earlier, thereby increasing patient survival rates and reducing the severity of reconstructive surgery interventions.

The treatment of cancer will depend on the stage of the tumor (size and results of the extension assessment), the number, and the location of other affected organs. Note that chemotherapy, radiotherapy, and hormone therapy are part of the therapeutic arsenal available to treat this disease.

In about 70 to 80% of cases, the senologist will remove the tumor; this is called a lumpectomy. A breast reshaping procedure will be performed at the same time by the plastic surgeon. This procedure is always associated with breast radiotherapy to "sterilize" the surgical field. It should be noted that surgical procedures for tumor or even breast removal have become increasingly less invasive.

In cases of recurrence or if the size or number of lesions is too significant, the senologist will proceed with the total removal of the breast; this is called a mastectomy. Immediate or delayed breast reconstruction will be performed by the plastic surgeon. Additionally, a symmetry procedure for the contralateral breast is standard practice.